碳钢光纤腐蚀传感器的敏感膜制备及传感特性研究
作者：雒娅楠
院校:天津大学
关键字:
学位：硕士
专业:应用化学
摘要:
近 年 来 ， 光 纤 腐 蚀 传 感 器 作 为 一 种 新 的 腐 蚀 监 检 测 技 术 已 经 在 大 型 建 筑 物 、 飞 行 器 等 领 域 得 到 广 泛 的 关 注 ， 但 是 在 实 际 应 用 中 还 存 在 一些不足。本文通过探索工艺条件制备了碳钢光纤腐蚀传感器的 Fe-C 合 金 敏 感 膜 ， 使 传 感 器 的 制 造 工 艺 简 化 、 制 造 成 本 降 低 ， 为 实 现 在 实 际工程中的应用打下基础。 为了得到质量较好的 Fe-C 合金膜，在石英玻璃上探索了多种成膜 方法：PVD 法(物理气相沉积)和电镀法等。石英玻璃表面金属化（PVD 碳钢、磁控溅射镍和真空喷金）是电镀 Fe-C 合金的关键工艺，通过大 量 实 验 确 定 了 较 好 的 工 艺 条 件 ： 石 英 玻 璃 的表 面 处 理 、 金 属 化 工 艺 、 电镀的参数等。对不同方法制备的 Fe-C 合金膜测量厚度、观察形貌、 分析结构，并用电化学方法研究敏感膜在不同浓度 NaCl 溶液中的耐蚀 性，确定了可以应用到纤芯上的成膜工艺有：PVD 碳钢与电镀复合和 真空喷金与电镀复合，其中真空喷金与电镀复合法在纤芯上制备 Fe-C 合金膜的效果比较好。 为了评价传感器的传感性能，构建了 Fe-C 合金敏感膜传感特性测 试 系 统 ， 结 合 光 学 方 法 初 步 研 究 了 敏 感 膜 腐 蚀 过 程 中 光 源 输 出 功 率 的 变化规律及影响因素，并对 PVD 碳钢与电镀复合和真空喷金与电镀复 合制备的 Fe-C 合金敏感膜的传感特性进行测试。结果表明：两种方法 制备的敏感膜的传感特性符合传感原理；中间金属层（碳钢膜和金膜） 的加入对光功率有一定的负面影响，其中金膜的影响比碳钢膜大一些， 但是真空喷金与电镀复合制备的 Fe-C 合金膜腐蚀前后光功率的变化幅 度 比 较 大 、 传 感 性 能 比 较 好 ， 应 用 前 景 比 较 大 。 相 信 随 着 研 究 的 继 续 深 入 ， 可 以 得 到 光 功 率 变 化 规 律 与 敏 感 膜 腐 蚀 进 程 的 定 量 关 系 ， 使 传 感器的腐蚀监测更加准确。
Abstract:
In recent years as a new technique of corrosion detection Fiber Optics Corrosion Sensors(FOCS) have been widly concerned in big buildings , aircraft and many other fields. But there are still some deficiency in actual application of these FOCS. This paper fabricates a Fe-C alloy sensing film on a carbon steel FOCS by groping for arts and crafts, which can predigest the technics and reduce the cost of manufacturing the sensor. And then it establishes the basis for realizing the appliance in practical engineering. Many methods, such as PVD (Physical Vacuum Deposit), electroplating, etc, have been explored on quartz glass in order to form a Fe-C alloy film with better quality. The metallic transformation on surface of quartz glass is the key craft including PVD carbon steel, magnetic controlled spatter nickel (Ni) and vacuum deposit aurum (Au). The better technical parameters such as disposal on surface of quartz glass, metallic transformation, parameters of electroplating, etc, have been ascertaind through a large number of experiments. Then the thickness of Fe-C alloy film made by different methods was measured, the surface morphologie of that was investigated and the structure of that was studied. Electrochemical method was used to evaluate the corrosive resistance of the Fe-C alloy film in NaCl (sodium chloride) solution of different concentration. Two crafts that PVD associated with electroplating and vacuum deposit Au associated with electroplating can be used onto a fiber core, thereinto the Fe-C alloy film fabricated by the second method has more effect on a fiber core. To evaluate the sensing performance of the carbon steel FOCS, a system was designed to test the sensing capability of Fe-C alloy film. The changing disciplinarian of light output power in the process of the sensitive film corrosion and influence factors of that were pilot studied using optical means. And then the sensing capability of Fe-C alloy film fabricated by electroplating on PVD film and on Au film was been tested respectively. The results show that the sensing capability of these ＩＩ sensitive films made by the two methods accord with sensing principle; the middle metallic layer (viz. PVD film and Au film) has some negative effects on light output power. This minus influence brought from Au film is more than that produced by PVD film. But after the Fe-C alloy which is fabricated by electroplating on Au film corroded, the variety range of the light output power is more larger. It means that the sensing performance and applicable foreground of the sensing film electroplated on aurum film are greater. It can be believed that the quantitative relation between the changing disciplinarian of light output power and the corrosion course of sensing film will be found with the sequential lucubration, and which also can contribute to the veracity of the carbon steel FOCS in corrosion detection.